How do historical and philosophical perspectives affect the science and practice of medicine, particularly the methodology, results, and implications of current medical research? By studying the medical literature students explore societal and ethical issues in medicine, from the status of embryos to end-of-life questions. Student mastery of biological communication is assessed through written and oral presentations. To aid the department?s curricular assessments, completion of the biology major field test also is required. Prerequisites: senior status in a biologically-oriented program or permission of the instructor, biblical foundations I or theological foundations I, developing a Christian mind, and philosophical foundations.