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Now called the Old Temple of Athena, the remains of a temple
stand immediately south of the Erecthion and its foundations
are visible. The nature, age, and indeed, everything else about this
building, are highly debated and little is truly known.
The Erecthion is one of the most unusual Greek temples, built
upon several levels and incorporating various myths, gods, and previous
sacred sites. Legend has it that Athena and Poseidon held a contest
to see who would possess the Acropolis. Poseidon created a salt water
spring, the Erectheis, by throwing down his trident and Athena created
an olive tree. Athena was judged the winner and Poseidon, in anger,
caused a flood. However, the two gods were reconciled and both were
worshipped at the spot.
Another myth tells of
the god Hephaestus, who attempted to rape Athena. Athena managed elude him at
the last possible moment and Hephaestus accidentally impregnated the earth. Immediately,
Erecthonius sprang up on the spot, a child with snake (earth) attributes. Athena
took the child and eventually raised it. Erecthonius later became king of Athens
and erected a statue to her on the Acropolis. At some time, for reasons unknown,
Poseidon and Erecthonius became associated with each other. The cult
here worshipped all three of them, along with the hero Boutes. Additionally, the cult honored
the supposed olive tree of Athena, the trident marks of Poseidon, and the tomb of Cecrops.
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